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November 10: Outnumbered Christian crusaders overwhelmed by Ottoman Muslims at the Battle of Varna after King Wladyslaw leads attack on the camp of the Sultan Murad. (painting by Stanisław Chlebowski.)

1444 (MCDXLIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1444th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 444th year of the 2nd millennium, the 44th year of the 15th century, and the 5th year of the 1440s decade. As of the start of 1444, the Gregorian calendar was 9 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

Events

January–March

April–June

July–September

October–December

Date unknown

Births

Deaths

References

  1. ^ Babinger, Franz (1987) [1936]. “Turakhān Beg”. In Houtsma, Martijn Theodoor (ed.). E.J. Brill’s first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, Volume VIII. Leiden: BRILL. p. 25. ISBN 90-04-09794-5.
  2. ^ Ćirković, Sima (1964a). Herceg Stefan Vukčić-Kosača i njegovo doba [Herceg Stefan Vukčić-Kosača and his time] (in Serbian). Naučno delo SANU. p. 289. OCLC 4864621.
  3. ^ Frashëri, Kristo (2002), Gjergj Kastrioti Skënderbeu: jeta dhe vepra, 1405–1468 (in Albanian), Botimet Toena, p. 135, ISBN 99927-1-627-4
  4. ^ Setton, Kenneth Meyer (1976). The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571. Vol. 2. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. p. 82. ISBN 9780871691149.
  5. ^ Norman, Jeremy M. (2022-12-20). “Foundation of the Library of the Dominican Convent of San Marco, the First “Public” Library in Renaissance Europe”. HistoryofInformation.com. Retrieved 2023-01-18.
  6. ^ Giovanni Scatena, Oddantonio da Montefeltro primo duca di Urbino (Rome: Ernesto Paleani Editore, 1989)
  7. ^ Thomas, Hugh (1999). The Slave Trade: The Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade: 1440 – 1870. Simon and Schuster. pp. 22. ISBN 9780684835655.
  8. ^ a b Imber, Colin (July 2006). “Introduction” (PDF). The Crusade of Varna, 1443–45. Aldershot, England; Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing. pp. 9 9–31. ISBN 978-0-7546-0144-9. Retrieved 2007-04-19.
  9. ^ Gulino, Giuseppe (2005). “LOREDAN, Alvise”. Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). Vol. 65: Levis–Lorenzetti. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana. ISBN 978-88-12-00032-6.
  10. ^ a b “The Ottoman Turks and the Crusades, 1329-1451”, by Halil Inalcik, in A History of the Crusades, Volume 6: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe, ed. by Kenneth M. Setton (University of Wisconsin Press, 1969) pp.271-274
  11. ^ Skopsko naučno društvo (1925). Glasnik Skopskog naučnog društva.
  12. ^ British Museum. Department of Prints and Drawings; Richard Fisher (1886). Introduction to a Catalogue of the Early Italian Prints in the British Museum. Chiswick Press. pp. 348–.
  13. ^ C. R. “MEVEREL, John (d.1444), of Throwley, Staffs”. History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 8 June 2026.
  14. ^ Raphael Holinshed (1907). Shakespeare’s Holinshed: The Chronicle and the Historical Plays Compared. Chatto and Windus. p. 218.
  15. ^ Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini; Pope Pius II (November 2013). Europe (c.1400-1458). CUA Press. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-8132-2182-3.
  16. ^ Jerzy Lukowski; Hubert Zawadzki (20 September 2001). A Concise History of Poland. Cambridge University Press. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-521-55917-1.