February 11 – While praying in the Masjid al-Qiblatayn in Medina, the Islamic prophet Muhammad receives revelations from God on the qibla, the direction of prayer, that he should be facing Mecca rather than Jerusalem during prayer, beginning an Islamic tradition.[1]
March 13 – (17 Ramadah 2 AH) The Battle of Badr takes place in what is now Saudi Arabia as Muhammad and some 300 of his followers from Medina surprise a reinforced Meccan caravan at Badr (modern-day Saudi Arabia) returning from Syria, and defeat about 1,000 Quraysh from Mecca. After having heard that clan leader Abu Sufyan is escorting a rich trade caravan, Muhammad has the wells along its route (southwest of Medina) filled with sand in order to lure him into battle.
April 20 – (27th day of the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wu’de era) Du Fuwei, a Chinese prince who rebelled against Sui dynasty China and then was rewarded with the title “Prince of Wu” by Emperor Gaozu of Tang, dies suddenly of poisoning, under suspicion that he has been ordered killed by the Emperor.[5]
April 20 – Heraclius invades the Sassanid Empire (now Iran).[6]
June 23 – While at Ganzak at what is now northwest Iran, the Sassanid Emperor Khosrow II (Chosroes) is informed by soldiers who had escaped capture that Emperor Heraclius of Byzantium is preparing a surprise attack. Khosrow dispatches an envoy to inform General Shahrbaraz to abandon a campaign in Asia Minor and to accompany him to face Heraclius.[8]
Zayd ibn Haritha, the Sahabi and military commander for Muhammad is sent on an expedition to Dhat Irq near Mecca.[13][14] He then carries out the Al-Qarada raid of a caravan of Meccan merchants after discovering their trade route and captures more that 100,000 dirhams worth of goods[15]
^Walter E. Kaegi, Heraclius, emperor of Byzantium (Cambridge University Press, 2003) p.126
^E. B. Fryde; D. E. Greenway (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 213. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
^Ilkka Syvänne, Military History of Late Rome 602–641 (Pen & Sword Books, 2022) pp.163-165
^Ahmet, Taşağil (1995–2004). Gök-Türkler. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi. ISBN 975161113X. OCLC33892575.
^Muhammad ibn Saad, Tabaqat vol. 8. Translated by Bewley, A. (1995). The Women of Madina, p. 56. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
^Braswell, Geoffrey E.; Christian M. Pager; Cassandra R. Bill; Sonja A. Schwake; Jennifer B. Braswell (2004). “The Rise of Secondary States in the Southeastern Periphery of the Maya World”. Ancient Mesoamerica. 15: 219–233. doi:10.1017/s0956536104040143. S2CID1562928.
^al-Baladhuri (1996), Jumal min Ansab al-Ashraf, Dar Al-Fikr, Beirut, Lebanon.
^J. M. B. Jones (1957). “The Chronology of the “Mag̱ẖāzī”– A Textual Survey”. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 19 (2): 248. doi:10.1017/S0041977X0013304X. JSTOR610242.
^Cooper, J. C. (2013). Dictionary of Christianity. Abingdon, Oxon. p. 2. ISBN 9781315074047.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
