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English: Projectional radiograph of the right leg, with angles commonly measured before knee replacement surgery:

Hip-knee-shaft angle (HKS)

Hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA)

Date

18 October 2017, 19:57:50

Source

File:Radiograph with knee angles.jpg, from (2013). “Influence of navigation system updates on total knee arthroplasty”. Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology 5 (1). DOI:10.1186/2052-1847-5-10. ISSN 1758-2555. (CC-BY-2.0)
HKS angle: (2010). “Computer-aided methods for assessing lower limb deformities in orthopaedic surgery planning”. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 34 (4): 277–288. DOI:10.1016/j.compmedimag.2009.11.003. ISSN 08956111.
HKA angle: (2009). “Association between knee alignment and knee pain in patients surgically treated for medial knee osteoarthritis by high tibial osteotomy. A one year follow-up study”. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 10 (1). DOI:10.1186/1471-2474-10-154. ISSN 1471-2474.

Author

Annotations by Mikael Häggström.
Authors of source article: Hiroshi Inui, Shuji Taketomi, Kensuke Nakamura, Seira Takei, Hideki Takeda, Sakae Tanaka and Takumi Nakagawa

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	18:54, 19 October 2017		220 × 1,073 (46 KB)	Mikael Häggström	Corrected
	05:16, 19 October 2017		220 × 1,073 (43 KB)	Mikael Häggström	User created page with UploadWizard

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