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Naturally occurring lutetium (71Lu) is composed of one stable isotope 175Lu (97.40% natural abundance) and one long-lived radioisotope, 176Lu with a half-life of 37 billion years (2.60% natural abundance). Forty synthetic radioisotopes have been added from 149Lu to 190Lu, with the most stable being 174Lu with a half-life of 3.31 years and 173Lu with a half-life of 1.37 years. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 9 days, and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than half an hour. Of the meta states known for this element, the most stable are 177m3Lu (t1/2 160.4 days) and 174mLu (t1/2 142 days).

The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, 175Lu, is electron capture (with some alpha and positron emission), leading to ytterbium or less often thulium isotopes, and the primary mode after is beta emission giving hafnium isotopes.

All isotopes of lutetium are either radioactive or, for the lone stable isotope 175Lu, observationally stable, meaning that it is predicted to be radioactive (to alpha decay) but no decay has been observed.[4]

List of isotopes


Nuclide
[n 1] 		Z N Isotopic mass (Da)[5]
[n 2][n 3] 		Discovery
year[6][7] 		Half-life[1]
[n 4][n 5] 		Decay
mode[1]
[n 6] 		Daughter
isotope
[n 7] 		Spin and
parity[1]
[n 8][n 5] 		Natural abundance (mole fraction)
Excitation energy[n 5] Normal proportion[1] Range of variation
149Lu[8] 71 78 2022 450+170
−100 ns 		p 148Yb 11/2−
150Lu 71 79 149.97341(32)# 1993 45(3) ms p 149Yb (5−)
150mLu 22(5) keV 2000 40(7) μs p 149Yb (8+)
151Lu 71 80 150.96747(32)# 1982 78.4(9) ms p (?%) 150Yb 11/2−
β+ (?%) 151Yb
151mLu 57(4) keV 1999 16.0(5) μs p 150Yb 3/2+
152Lu 71 81 151.96412(21)# 1987 650(70) ms β+ (85%) 152Yb (4−, 5−, 6−)
β+, p (15%) 151Tm
153Lu 71 82 152.95880(16) 1989 0.9(2) s α (?%) 149Tm 11/2−
β+ (?%) 153Yb
153m1Lu 80(5) keV (1997)[n 9] 1# s IT 153Lu 1/2+
153m2Lu 2502.5(4) keV 1989 >0.1 μs IT 153Lu 23/2−
153m3Lu 2632.9(5) keV 1989 15(3) μs IT 153Lu 27/2−
154Lu 71 83 153.95742(22)# 1981 1# s (2−)
154m1Lu 62(12) keV 1981 1.12(8) s β+ (?%) 154Yb (9+)
β+p (?%) 153Tm
β+α (?%) 150Er
154m2Lu 2724(100)# keV 1990 35(3) μs IT 154Lu (17+)
155Lu 71 84 154.954326(21) 1965 68(2) ms α (90%) 151Tm 11/2−
β+ (10%) 155Yb
155m1Lu 21(4) keV 1989 138(9) ms α (76%) 151Tm 1/2+
β+ (24%) 155Yb
155m2Lu 1780.3(18) keV 1989 2.69(3) ms α 151Tm 25/2−#
156Lu 71 85 155.953087(58) 1965 494(12) ms α 152Tm (2)−
156m1Lu[n 10] 10(250) keV 1979 198(2) ms α 152Tm 10+
156m2Lu 2611(250) keV 2018 179(4) ns IT 156Lu 19−
157Lu 71 86 156.950145(13) 1977 7.7(20) s β+ (?%) 157Yb (1/2+)
α (?%) 153Tm
157mLu 20.9(20) keV 1991 4.79(12) s β+ (92.3%) 157Yb (11/2−)
α (7.7%) 153Tm
158Lu 71 87 157.949316(16) 1979 10.6(3) s β+ (99.09%) 158Yb (2)−
α (0.91%) 154Tm
159Lu 71 88 158.946636(40) 1980 12.1(10) s β+ 159Yb 1/2+
α (rare) 155Tm
160Lu 71 89 159.946033(61) 1979 36.1(3) s β+ 160Yb 2−#
160mLu[n 10] 0(100)# keV 1980 40(1) s β+ 160Yb
161Lu 71 90 160.943572(30) 1973 77(2) s β+ 161Yb 1/2+
161mLu 182(5)# keV 1979 7.3(4) ms IT 161Lu (9/2−)
162Lu 71 91 161.943283(81) 1978 1.37(2) min β+ 162Yb 1−
162m1Lu[n 10] 120(200)# keV (1980)[n 11] 1.5 min β+ 162Yb 4−#
162m2Lu[n 12] 300(200)# keV (1980)[n 11] 1.9 min 9−#
163Lu 71 92 162.941179(30) 1979 3.97(13) min β+ 163Yb 1/2+
164Lu 71 93 163.941339(30) 1977 3.14(3) min β+ 164Yb 1−
165Lu 71 94 164.939407(28) 1973 10.74(10) min β+ 165Yb 1/2+
166Lu 71 95 165.939859(32) 1969 2.65(10) min β+ 166Yb 6−
166m1Lu 34.37(22) keV 1974 1.41(10) min β+ (58%) 166Yb 3−
IT (42%) 166Lu
166m2Lu 43.0(4) keV 1974 2.12(10) min β+ (90%) 166Yb 0−
IT (10%) 166Lu
167Lu 71 96 166.938243(40) 1958 51.5(10) min β+ 167Yb 7/2+
167mLu 50(40)# keV 1998 >1 min 1/2+
168Lu 71 97 167.938730(41) 1960 5.5(1) min β+ 168Yb 6−
168mLu 160(40) keV 1972 6.7(4) min β+ 168Yb 3+
169Lu 71 98 168.9376458(32) 1955 34.06(5) h β+ 169Yb 7/2+
169mLu 29.0(5) keV 1965 160(10) s IT 169Lu 1/2−
170Lu 71 99 169.938479(18) 1951 2.012(30) d β+ 170Yb 0+
170mLu 92.91(9) keV 1965 670(100) ms IT 170Lu 4−
171Lu 71 100 170.9379186(20) 1951 8.247(23) d β+ 171Yb 7/2+
171mLu 71.13(8) keV 1965 79(2) s IT 171Lu 1/2−
172Lu 71 101 171.9390913(25) 1951 6.70(3) d β+ 172Yb 4−
172m1Lu 41.86(4) keV 1962 3.7(5) min IT 172Lu 1−
172m2Lu 65.79(4) keV 1965 332(20) ns IT 172Lu (1)+
172m3Lu 109.41(10) keV 1965 440(12) μs IT 172Lu (1)+
172m4Lu 213.57(17) keV (1974)[n 11] 150 ns IT 172Lu (6−)
173Lu 71 102 172.9389357(17) 1951 1.37(1) y EC 173Yb 7/2+
173mLu 123.672(13) keV 1959 74.2(10) μs IT 173Lu 5/2−
174Lu 71 103 173.9403428(17) 1951 3.31(5) y β+ 174Yb 1−
174m1Lu 170.83(5) keV 1960 142(2) d IT (99.38%) 174Lu 6−
EC (0.62%) 174Yb
174m2Lu 240.818(4) keV 1980 395(15) ns IT 174Lu 3+
174m3Lu 365.183(6) keV 1980 145(3) ns IT 174Lu 4−
174m4Lu 1855.7(5) keV 2006 194(24) ns IT 174Lu 13+
174m5Lu 4068.4(9) keV 2009 97(10) ns IT 174Lu (21+)
174m6Lu 5849.6(9) keV 2009 242(19) ns IT 174Lu (26−)
175Lu 71 104 174.9407772(13) 1934 Observationally stable[n 13] 7/2+ 0.97401(13)
175m1Lu 353.48(13) keV 1965 1.49(7) μs IT 175Lu 5/2−
175m2Lu 1392.4(4) keV 1998 984(30) μs IT 175Lu 19/2+
176Lu[n 14][n 15] 71 105 175.9426917(13) 1935 3.701(17)×1010 y β−[n 16] 176Hf 7− 0.02599(13)
176m1Lu 122.845(4) keV 1939 3.664(19) h β− (99.90%) 176Hf 1−
EC (0.095%) 176Yb
176m2Lu 1514.5(5) keV 2000 312(69) ns IT 176Lu 12+
176m3Lu 1587.8(6) keV 2000 40(3) μs IT 176Lu 14+
177Lu 71 106 176.9437636(13) 1945 6.6443(9) d β− 177Hf 7/2+
177m1Lu 150.3984(10) keV 1949 130.1(24) ns IT 177Lu 9/2−
177m2Lu 569.6721(15) keV 1965 155(7) μs IT 177Lu 1/2+
177m3Lu 970.1757(24) keV 1962 160.4(3) d β− (77.30%) 177Hf 23/2−
IT (22.70%) 177Lu
177m4Lu 2771.7(5) keV 2004 625(62) ns IT 177Lu 33/2+
177m5Lu 3530.4(6) keV 2004 6(2) μs IT 177Lu 39/2−
178Lu 71 107 177.9459601(24) 1957 28.4(2) min β− 178Hf 1+
178mLu 123.8(26) keV 1961 23.1(3) min β− 178Hf 9−
179Lu 71 108 178.9473330(55) 1961 4.59(6) h β− 179Hf 7/2+
179mLu 592.4(4) keV 1993 3.1(9) ms IT 179Lu 1/2+
180Lu 71 109 179.949891(76) 1971 5.7(1) min β− 180Hf 5+
180m1Lu 13.9(3) keV 1995 ~1 s 3−
180m2Lu 624.0(5) keV 2001 >1 ms IT 180Lu (9−)
181Lu 71 110 180.95191(14) 1982 3.5(3) min β− 181Hf 7/2+#
182Lu 71 111 181.95516(22)# 1982 2.0(2) min β− 182Hf 1−#
183Lu 71 112 182.957363(86) 1983 58(4) s β− 183Hf 7/2+#
184Lu 71 113 183.96103(22)# 1989 20(3) s β− 184Hf (3+)
185Lu 71 114 184.96354(32)# 2012 20# s
[>300 ns] 		7/2+#
186Lu 71 115 185.96745(43)# 2012 6# s
[>300 ns]
187Lu 71 116 186.97019(43)# 2012 7# s
[>300 ns] 		7/2+#
188Lu 71 117 187.97443(43)# 2012 1# s
[>300 ns]
189Lu[10] 71 118 2024
190Lu[11] 71 119 1981
This table header & footer:
  1. ^ mLu – Excited nuclear isomer.
  2. ^ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
  3. ^ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
  4. ^ Bold half-life – nearly stable, half-life longer than age of universe.
  5. ^ a b c # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
  6. ^ Modes of decay:
    EC: Electron capture


    IT: Isomeric transition


    p: Proton emission
  7. ^ Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
  8. ^ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
  9. ^ Half-life not measured, not included in discovery database
  10. ^ a b c Order of ground state and isomer is uncertain.
  11. ^ a b c Only published in a conference proceeding and not a refereed journal
  12. ^ Discovery of this isotope is disputed.
  13. ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 171Tm
  14. ^ primordial radionuclide
  15. ^ Used in lutetium-hafnium dating
  16. ^ Theoretically capable of electron capture to 176Yb[9] or α decay to 172Tm

Lutetium-177

Main article: Lutetium (177Lu) chloride

Lutetium (177Lu), that decays with emission of a low-energy electron, is a useful for treating some cancerous tumors. Several compounds of 177Lu are available for this purpose:

1) Lutetium chloride, LuCl3, sold under the brand name Lumark among others, is used for radiolabeling other medicines, either as an anti-cancer therapy or for scintigraphy (medical radio-imaging). Its most common side effects are anaemia (low red blood cell counts), thrombocytopenia (low blood platelet counts), leucopenia (low white blood cell counts), lymphopenia (low levels of lymphocytes, a particular type of white blood cell), nausea (feeling sick), vomiting and mild and temporary hair loss.[12][13]

2) Lutetium (177Lu) oxodotreotide, also known as [Lutetium (177Lu) dotatate]] “Lutathera“, has been approved for some types of tumors. [14]

3) Lutetium (177Lu) vipivotide tetraxetan “Pluvicto” has also been approved.

See also

Daughter products other than lutetium

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). “The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties” (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  2. ^ “Standard Atomic Weights: Lutetium”. CIAAW. 2024.
  3. ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). “Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)”. Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  4. ^ Belli, P.; Bernabei, R.; Danevich, F. A.; et al. (2019). “Experimental searches for rare alpha and beta decays”. European Physical Journal A. 55 (8): 140–1–140–7. arXiv:1908.11458. Bibcode:2019EPJA…55..140B. doi:10.1140/epja/i2019-12823-2. ISSN 1434-601X. S2CID 201664098.
  5. ^ Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). “The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*”. Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
  6. ^ FRIB Nuclear Data Group. “Discovery of Nuclides Project, Isotope Database”. doi:10.11578/frib/2279152.
  7. ^ FRIB Nuclear Data Group. “Discovery of Nuclides Project, Isomer Database”. doi:10.11578/frib/2572219.
  8. ^ Auranen, K. (16 March 2022). “Nanosecond-Scale Proton Emission from Strongly Oblate-Deformed 149Lu”. Physical Review Letters. 128 (11): 2501. Bibcode:2022PhRvL.128k2501A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.112501. PMID 35363028. S2CID 247855967.
  9. ^ Nozzoli, Francesco; Ghezzer, Luigi Ernesto; Nicolaidis, Riccardo; Iuppa, Roberto; Zuccon, Paolo; et al. (European Nuclear Physics Conference (EuNPC 2022)) (8 December 2023). “Investigation of Electron Capture in 176Lu with a LYSO crystal scintillator”. EPJ Web of Conf. 290 (1002): 01002. arXiv:2211.15203. Bibcode:2023EPJWC.29001002N. doi:10.1051/epjconf/202329001002.
  10. ^ Haak, K.; Tarasov, O. B.; Chowdhury, P.; et al. (2023). “Production and discovery of neutron-rich isotopes by fragmentation of 198Pt”. Physical Review C. 108 (34608) 034608. Bibcode:2023PhRvC.108c4608H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.108.034608. OSTI 1998848. S2CID 261649436.
  11. ^ Tarasov, O. B.; Gade, A.; Fukushima, K.; et al. (2024). “Observation of New Isotopes in the Fragmentation of 198Pt at FRIB”. Physical Review Letters. 132 (72501) 072501. Bibcode:2024PhRvL.132g2501T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.072501. OSTI 2309727. PMID 38427880.
  12. ^ “Lumark EPAR”. European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018. Retrieved 7 May 2020. Text was copied from this source for which copyright belongs to the European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  13. ^ “EndolucinBeta EPAR”. European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 September 2018. Retrieved 7 May 2020. Text was copied from this source for which copyright belongs to the European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  14. ^ “Лютеций на страже здоровья: российские медики осваивают новый метод борьбы с агрессивными опухолями”. kp.ru – Сайт «Комсомольской правды». 16 December 2025.