Nain (Persian: نائین)[a] is a city in the Central District of Nain County, Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[5]
History
The history of Nain appears to go back to pre-Islamic times, but no information about it has survived. It is famous for its big castle and its congregational mosque, the Jameh Mosque of Nain. It was described by medieval historians to have been in the sardsīr (“cooler highland areas”), and being a subordinate to either Yazd or Isfahan, despite being part of the administration of the Fars province.
The historian and geographer Hamdallah Mustawfi reported that the walls of Nain’s castle, which are still present as mud brick remnants, were four thousand paces long. The nearby mountains’ silver mines are also described by the geographers. During the Safavid era, the kaolinite of Nain was utilized to manufacture porcelain at the city of Kashan.[6]
Under the Buyid dynasty (934–1062), the Jameh Mosque of Nain was constructed.[6]
Demographics
Language
The following graph depicts the language composition of the city. Naini is a Central Plateau language[7] which is part of the Northwestern Iranian languages.[8]
Population
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city’s population was 24,424 in 6,954 households.[9] The following census in 2011 counted 25,379 people in 7,730 households.[10] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 27,379 people in 8,906 households.[3]
Climate
| Climate data for Nain (1992-2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) |
13.1 (55.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
23.5 (74.3) |
28.6 (83.5) |
34.1 (93.4) |
36.4 (97.5) |
35.2 (95.4) |
31.4 (88.5) |
25.0 (77.0) |
17.0 (62.6) |
11.7 (53.1) |
23.6 (74.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.7 (38.7) |
6.9 (44.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
16.8 (62.2) |
21.6 (70.9) |
26.6 (79.9) |
29.1 (84.4) |
27.6 (81.7) |
23.6 (74.5) |
17.8 (64.0) |
10.7 (51.3) |
5.8 (42.4) |
16.8 (62.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.9 (28.6) |
0.7 (33.3) |
4.6 (40.3) |
10.2 (50.4) |
14.6 (58.3) |
19.1 (66.4) |
21.9 (71.4) |
19.9 (67.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
4.3 (39.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 20.7 (0.81) |
11.6 (0.46) |
20.8 (0.82) |
11.1 (0.44) |
11.5 (0.45) |
1.0 (0.04) |
0.4 (0.02) |
0.2 (0.01) |
0.1 (0.00) |
1.6 (0.06) |
6.9 (0.27) |
12.2 (0.48) |
98.1 (3.86) |
| Average snowy days | 2.3 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 4.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 50 | 40 | 33 | 29 | 24 | 18 | 19 | 18 | 19 | 26 | 36 | 45 | 30 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | −5.3 (22.5) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
0.0 (32.0) |
1.0 (33.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
2.2 (36.0) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−1.8 (28.7) |
| Source: IRIMO(temperatures[11]), (humidity[12]), (dew point 1992-2005[13]), (precipitation[14]), (snow/sleet days[15]) | |||||||||||||
Notable people
- Azita Emami (born 1963), Iranian-American engineer working on low-power mixed-mode circuits in scalable technologies; Professor of Electrical Engineering and Medical Engineering at the California Institute of Technology
See also
Media related to Nain, Iran at Wikimedia Commons
Na’in travel guide from Wikivoyage
Notes
References
- ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (1 December 2024). “Morvarid, دهستان لای سیاه, بخش مرکزی نائین [Lay Siyah Rural District, Central District of Nain], Nain County, Isfahan Province, Iran” (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 1 December 2024.
- ^ “V35M+4Q8 Naeen, Isfahan Province, Iran” (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved 30 May 2026.
- ^ a b سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان اصفهان [General Population and Housing Census 2016: Isfahan Province]. مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived from the original (Excel) on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Nain, Iran at GEOnet Names Server
- ^ Habibi, Hassan (12 September 1990) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1369.6.21 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. تصویب سازمان و سلسله تابعیت عناصر و واحدهای تقسیمات کشوری استان اصفهان به مرکزیت شهر اصفهان [Approval of the organization and hierarchy of subordination of the elements and units of the national divisions of Isfahan province with the center of Isfahan city]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. کمیسیون سیاسی دفاعی هیأت دولت [Political Defense Commission of the Government Board]. شناسه [ID] 7CE85F3A-6CEE-4A59-9498-E435D7B5C890. شماره دوره [Course number] 69, شماره جلد [Volume number] 3. Archived from the original on 4 February 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2026.
- ^ a b Bosworth & Ruggles 2019.
- ^ “Language distribution: Esfahan Province”. Iran Atlas. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
- ^ Stilo 2007, pp. 93–112.
- ^ سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1385 : استان اصفهان [General Population and Housing Census 2006: Isfahan Province]. مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1390 : استان اصفهان [General Population and Housing Census 2011: Isfahan Province]. Iran Data Portal—Syracuse University (in Persian). مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran]. Archived from the original (Excel) on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ “AVERAGE OF MEAN DAILY TEMPERATURE IN C.” (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 21 March 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
- “AVERAGE OF MINIMUM TEMPERATURE IN C.” (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 26 January 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
- “AVERAGE OF MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE IN C.” (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 12 September 2014. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
- ^ “AVERAGE OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY IN PERCENT STATION: NAEIN(40801)”. Chaharmahalmet (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 20 March 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
- ^ “AVERAGE OF DEW POINT TEMPERATURE IN C. STATION: NAEIN(40801)”. Chaharmahalmet (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
- ^ “MONTHLY TOTAL OF PRECIPITATION IN MM. STATION: NAEIN(40801)”. Chaharmahalmet (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 16 January 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
- ^ “NO. OF DAYS WITH SNOW OR SLEET STATION: NAEIN(40801)”. Chaharmahalmet (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 21 March 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
Sources
- Bosworth, C. Edmund; Ruggles, D. Fairchild (2019). “Nāʾīn”. In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.
- Stilo, Donald (2007). “Isfahan xxi. Provincial Dialects”. In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. XIV/1: Isfahan IX. Pahlavi period–Isfahan XXII. Gazi dialect. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 93–112. ISBN 978-0-933273-99-3.
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