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Pudgala (or Sanskrit: पुद्गल) is a word used in Indian philosophies. In Jainism, Pudgala (matter) is one of the six dravyas, or aspects of reality that fabricate the world we live in.

Etymology

Pudgala is derived from the words ‘pud’, which is defined as Supplement (Addition /Fusion), and gala, which is defined as Disintegrate, or Division or Fission. Therefore, Pudgalas are best defined as all things that are continuously changing by the process of Supplementation or Disintegration, namely matter.

Jain philosophy

Dravyas as per Jain philosophy.

In Jain philosophy, Pudgala or Pudgalāstikāya is one of the six dravyas. These include jiva (living) and the fivefold divisions of ajiva (non-living) category:pudgala (matter), dharma (motion), adharma (rest), akasha (space), and kala (time).[1] Pudgala, like other dravyas except kala is called astikaya in the sense that it occupies space. The individual unit of Pudgala is the material from which all is made called a Paramanu, which, by the process of supplementation, can combine to form what can be roughly said is an aggregate, called a Skandha. It possesses at all times four qualities, namely, a color (varna), a taste (rasa), a smell (gandha), and a certain kind of palpability (sparsha, touch).[2]

Other Philosophies

In Buddhism, Pudgala means the entity that reincarnates as an individual or person, i.e., the bundle of tendencies that keeps an individual reincarnating until they attain enlightenment.[3]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Sharma, Chandradhar (1960, reprint 1997). A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 81-208-0365-5, p.63
  2. ^ Jaini 1998, p. 90.
  3. ^ Dasgupta, Surendranath (1975, reprint 2010). A History of Indian Philosophy, Vol.I, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0412-8, p.195n

References