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Sage oil in glass vial
Sage oil

Sage oils are essential oils that come in several varieties:

Dalmatian sage oil

Also called English, Garden, and True sage oil. Made by steam distillation of Salvia officinalis partially dried leaves. Yields range from 0.5 to 1.0%. A colorless to yellow liquid with a warm camphoraceous, thujone-like odor (“thujonic, cedar, eucalyptus, rosemary, juniper, forest”)[1] and sharp and bitter taste. The main components of the oil are thujone (50%), camphor, pinene, and cineol.[2]

Clary sage oil

Sometimes called muscatel. Made by steam or water distillation of Salvia sclarea flowering tops and foliage. Yields range from 0.7 to 1.5%. A pale yellow to yellow liquid with a herbaceous odor and a winelike bouquet.[3] Produced in large quantities in France,[4] Russia[5] the United States,[6] and Morocco. The oil contains linalyl acetate, linalool and other terpene alcohols (sclareol), as well as their acetates.[7]

Spanish sage oil

Made by steam distillation of the leaves and twigs of S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia (syn. S. lavandulifolia). A colorless to pale yellow liquid with the characteristic camphoraceous odor.[8] Unlike Dalmatian sage oil, Spanish sage oil contains no or only traces of thujone; camphor and eucalyptol are the major components.

Greek sage oil

Made by steam distillation of Salvia triloba leaves.[9] Grows in Greece and Turkey. Yields range from 0.25% to 4%. The oil contains camphor, thujone, and pinene, the dominant component being eucalyptol.[10]

Judaean sage oil

Made by steam distillation of Salvia judaica leaves. The oil contains mainly cubebene and ledol.[11]

References

  1. ^ “sage oil dalmatian”. Scents and Flavors. Scents and Flavors. Retrieved 4 April 2026.
  2. ^ Karl-Georg Fahlbusch; et al. (2007), “Flavors and Fragrances”, Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 113, doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_141
  3. ^ “salvia sclarea oil”. Scents and Flavors. Scents and Flavors. Retrieved 4 April 2026.
  4. ^ “clary sage oil france”. Scents and Flavors. Scents and Flavors. Retrieved 4 April 2026.
  5. ^ “clary sage oil russia”. Scents and Flavors. Scents and Flavors. Retrieved 4 April 2026.
  6. ^ “clary sage oil america”. Scents and Flavors. Scents and Flavors. Retrieved 4 April 2026.
  7. ^ George A. Burdock (2010), “CLARY OIL”, Fenaroli’s Handbook of Flavor Ingredients (6th ed.), Taylor & Francis, pp. 327–328, ISBN 978-1-4200-9077-2
  8. ^ “salvia officinalis lavandulifolia extract”. Scents and Flavors. Scents and Flavors. Retrieved 4 April 2026.
  9. ^ “sage greece”. Scents and Flavors. Scents and Flavors. Retrieved 5 April 2026.
  10. ^ Ivana Cvetkovikj; et al. (2015), “Essential oil composition of Salvia fruticosa Mill. populations from Balkan Peninsula” (PDF), Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 61 (1)
  11. ^ Andrea Böszörményi; et al. (2009), “Chemical and Genetic Relationships among Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Cultivars and Judean Sage (Salvia judaica Boiss.)”, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57 (11), doi:10.1021/jf9005092