Shirt a Phobia

Sample Page

“₸” redirects here. For the symbol used in Japan, see Japanese postal mark.
“Tenge” redirects here. For other uses, see Tenge (disambiguation).

The tenge (ten-gay, /ˈtɛŋɡeɪ/[4] or /tɛŋˈɡeɪ/;[5] Kazakh: теңге, teñge [tʲeŋˈɡʲe]; Russian: тенге; sign: ₸ ; code: KZT) is the currency of Kazakhstan. It is divided into 100 tiyn (tea-ANN, Kazakh: тиын, tiyn [təˈjən]).

History

After the breakup of the Soviet Union in December 1991, most of the formerly Soviet republics attempted to maintain a common currency. Some politicians hoped to at least maintain “special relations” among former Soviet republics (the “near abroad“). Other reasons were the economic considerations for maintaining the ruble zone. The wish to preserve strong trade relations between former Soviet republics was considered the most important goal.[6]

The break-up of the Soviet Union was not accompanied by any formal changes in monetary arrangements. The Central Bank of Russia took over the State Bank of the USSR (Gosbank) on 1 January 1992. It continued to ship Soviet notes and coins to the central banks of the eleven newly independent countries, which had formerly been the main branches of Gosbank in the republics.

The political situation, however, was not favourable for maintaining a common currency.[6] Maintaining a common currency requires a strong political consensus in respect to monetary and fiscal targets, a common institution in charge of implementing these targets, and some minimum of common legislation (concerning the banking and foreign-exchange regulations).[citation needed] These conditions were far from being met amidst the turbulent economic and political situation.

During the first half of 1992, there existed a monetary union where 15 independent states all used the ruble. Since it was clear that the situation would not last, each of them was using its position as “free-riders” to issue huge amounts of money in the form of credit.[7] As a result, some countries were issuing coupons in order to “protect” their markets from buyers from other states. The Russian central bank responded in July 1992 by setting up restrictions to the flow of credit between Russia and other states. The final collapse of the ruble zone began when Russia pulled out with the exchange of banknotes by the Central Bank of Russia on Russian territory at the end of July 1993.[8]

As a result, Kazakhstan and other countries still in the ruble zone were “pushed out.”[7] On 12 November 1993, the president of Kazakhstan issued a decree “On introducing national currency of Republic of Kazakhstan.” The tenge was introduced on 15 November 1993 to replace Soviet currency at a rate of ₸ 1 = Rbls 500. In 1991, a “special group” of designers was set up: Mendybay Alin, Timur Suleymenov, Asimsaly Duzelkhanov and Khayrulla Gabzhalilov. Thus 15 November is celebrated as the “Day of National Currency of Republic of Kazakhstan”. In 1995 a tenge-printing factory opened in Kazakhstan. The first consignment of tenge banknotes were printed in the United Kingdom and the first coins were struck in Germany. In February 2019, Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev signed a bill into law that would remove all Russian captions from future tenge banknotes and coins.[9]

Etymology

The word tenge in Kazakh and in most other Turkic languages means balance, a set of weighing scale, balanced scale and parity of scale or other measurements. (Turkish denge, cf the old Uzbek tenga or the Tajik borrowed term tanga). The origin of the word is the Mongolic word teng (ᠲᠡᠩ) originating from Chinese děng (等 or 戥) which means “being equal, balance”. The name of this currency is thus similar to the pound, lira, peso, taka, and shekel. The name of the currency is also related to the Russian word for money Russian: деньги/ den’gi, which the Old Russian language borrowed from Turkic sources.[10]

Symbol

Not to be confused with 〒, the Japanese postal mark.
The symbol for the Kazakhstani tenge.

Originally a simple letter “Т” was used to denote amounts in tenge, this is still recommended when the tenge symbol is not available.[11] In autumn 2006 the National Bank of Kazakhstan organised a competition for a unique symbol for the currency and received over 30,000 applications.

On 20 March 2007, two days before the Nauryz holiday, the National Bank of Kazakhstan approved a graphical symbol for the tenge: ₸.

On 29 March 2007, the Bank announced two designers from Almaty, Vadim Davydenko and Sanzhar Amirkhanov, as winners for the design of the symbol of the Kazakhstani tenge. They shared a prize of ₸1,000,000 and the title of “parents” of the tenge symbol.[12]

The character was included in Unicode 5.2.0 (August 2009) at code point U+20B8.[13]

Coins

While older coins were struck in Germany, current coins are struck domestically, by the Kazakhstan Mint in Oskemen.

First series (1993)

In 1993, the first series of coins were introduced in denominations of 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 tiyin featuring the national arms and were struck in bronze. The coins of ₸ 1, ₸ 3, ₸ 5, ₸ 10, and ₸ 20 were struck in cupro-nickel and depicted stylized and mythical animals. The coins of this period circulated alongside tiyin and low denomination tenge notes of equal value. Tiyin coins were withdrawn as of 7 February 2001 and lost their effect as legal currency as of 31 December 2012.[14][15]

Image Denomination Material Diameter Mass Thickness Edge Date of
issue minting withdrawal
2 tiyin Brass 17.27 mm 2.26 g 1.3 mm Smooth 1 March 1994 1993 31 December 2012
5 tiyin
10 tiyin 19.56 mm 3.48 g 1.6 mm
20 tiyin 21.87 mm 4.71 g 1.7 mm
50 tiyin 25 mm 7.43 g 2 mm
T 1 Nickel silver 17.27 mm 2.26 g 1.3 mm Smooth 25 October 1995 1 October 2001
T 3 19.56 mm 3.48 g 1.6 mm
T 5 21.87 mm 4.71 g 1.7 mm
T 10 25 mm 7.43 g 2 mm
T 20 31 mm 11.37 g Grooved

Second series (1998)

₸1, ₸2, ₸5, ₸10, ₸20, ₸50 and ₸100 coins of the second series.

In 1998, a new series of coins was introduced. After the withdrawal of tiyin denominated coins ₸ 1 became the smallest denomination. ₸ 100 were later introduced in 2002 replacing the equivalent notes. A ₸ 2 coin was introduced in 2005. In 2013 the alloy of lower denomination coins was altered.

Second series coins of the Kazakh tenge (1997–2018)[16]
Image Value Technical parameters Description Date of
Diameter Mass Thickness Composition Edge Obverse Reverse minting issue withdrawal lapse
₸1 15 mm 1.63 g 1.3 mm Alloy of “nickel silver”, yellow color
(since 2013 – carbon steel, galvanic coating yellow metal) 		Plain Value Year, Emblem of Kazakhstan 1997~2018 11 November 1998 Current
₸2 16 mm 1.84 g 1.3 mm 2005,2006 23 February 2005
₸5 17.27 mm 2.18 g 1.3 mm 1997~2018 11 November 1998
₸10 19.56 mm 2.81 g 1.3 mm
₸20 18.27 mm 2.9 g 1.6 mm Alloy of “nickel silver”, white color (since 2013 – carbon steel and galvanic nickel) Grooved Value Year, Emblem of Kazakhstan 1997~2018 11 November 1998 Current
₸50 23 mm 4.7 g 1.6 mm
₸100 24.5 mm 6.65 g 1.95 mm Inner disk: alloy of “nickel silver”, white color
Outer disk: alloy of “nibrass”, yellow color. 		Grooved with the note – «СТО ТЕНГЕ – ЖYЗ ТЕҢГЕ» (one hundred tenge) 2002~2007 1 July 2002
These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimetre. For table standards, see the coin specification table.

Third series (2019)

In 2019, a new series of coins was introduced into circulation, with the same coin specifications and metallic compositions as the second series. But with the inscriptions of the coins now rendered in Latin-based Kazakh instead of Kazakh-based Cyrillic.

The coins were issued as part of the efforts of the presidential decree issued by former President Nursultan Nazarbayev of its transition of switching from a Cyrillic-based alphabet to a Latin-based alphabet and emphasizing Kazakh culture and distance the country from Russian influence. The designs of the coins were approved by Interim President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev on 20 March 2019. Previously issued coins bearing the Kazakh Cyrillic script will remain legal tender alongside the new Kazakh Latin inscribed coins. In 2019, the National Bank of Kazakhstan announced the issuance of new ₸200 coins, which were issued into circulation in 2020. This new denomination features inscriptions in Latin-based Kazakh, and like the ₸100 coin, is bi-metallic.[17]

Third series coins of the Kazakh tenge (2019–present)[18]
Image Value Technical parameters Description Date of
Diameter Mass Thickness Composition Edge Obverse Reverse minting issue withdrawal lapse
1 tenge ₸1 15 mm 1.63 g 1.3 mm Carbon steel, galvanic coating yellow metal Plain Value Year, Emblem of Kazakhstan 2019~present 26 April 2019 Current
2 tenge ₸2 16 mm 1.84 g 1.3 mm
5 tenge ₸5 17.27 mm 2.18 g 1.3 mm
10 tenge ₸10 19.56 mm 2.81 g 1.3 mm
20 tenge ₸20 18.27 mm 2.9 g 1.6 mm Carbon steel and galvanic nickel Grooved Value Year, Emblem of Kazakhstan 2019~present 26 April 2019 Current
50 tenge ₸50 23 mm 4.7 g 1.6 mm
100 tenge ₸100 24.5 mm 6.65 g 1.95 mm Inner disk: alloy of “nickel silver”, white color
Outer disk: alloy of “nibrass”, yellow color. 		Grooved with the note – «JÚZ TEŃGE» (one hundred tenge)
200 tenge200 tenge ₸200 26 mm 7.5 g 1.9 mm Aluminium-brass center in copper-nickel ring Sixteen indentations (‘Spanish flower’) with alternate plain and reeded sections 2020~present 28 January 2020
These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimetre. For table standards, see the coin specification table.

Commemorative coins

Commemorative coins are issued in denominations of ₸20, ₸50, ₸100, ₸500, ₸1,000, ₸2,500, ₸5,000 and ₸10,000. Silver and gold bullion coins exist in denominations of ₸1, ₸2, ₸5, ₸10, ₸20, ₸50 and ₸100. Many of the ₸20 and ₸50 commemoratives are also struck in cupro-nickel and occasionally make it out into general circulation as a side coinage with face value.

New symbol of tenge (₸) used on info-board of a currency exchange office in Almaty

Banknotes

200 tenge (old design)

1993 series

The banknotes were introduced into circulation on November 15, 1993. Following the introduction of the first series of coins, the fractional notes (denominated in tiyn) were withdrawn from circulation.

On November 15, 2006, the 1993 series banknotes of 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 tenge were officially withdrawn from circulation. De facto, they began to leave circulation between 1999 and 2003. Following the withdrawal date, the old banknotes were accepted for exchange by all second-tier banks for one year; for an additional five years, the exchange could only be performed at branches of the National Bank after an authenticity check.[19]

NBRK Banknotes (Series I)
Obverse image Reverse image Denomination Dimensions
(mm) 		Main
colors 		Description Dates
Obverse Reverse printing withdrawal
1 tiyn 105×65 Green Denomination Coat of arms, denomination November 15, 1993 December 30,
1995[20]
2 tiyn Blue
5 tiyn Violet
10 tiyn Pink
20 tiyn Turquoise
50 tiyn Brown
1 tenge 124×62 Blue Portrait of philosopher and scholar
Al-Farabi (872–951) 		Al-Farabi’s geometric constructions and formulas November 15,
2006[21]
3 tenge Grey-green
Lime 		Portrait of akyn
Suyunbay Aronuly (1815–1898) 		Trans-Ili Alatau mountains
5 tenge Brown
Yellow
Pink 		Portrait of folk musician
Kurmangazy Sagyrbayuly (1818–1889) 		Mausoleum complex
10 tenge 144×69 Dark green
Green 		Portrait of traveler and scholar
Shoqan Walikhanov (1835–1865) 		Ok-Zhetpes mountain
20 tenge Dark brown
Brown 		Portrait of the founder of Kazakh literature
Abai Qunanbaiuly (1845–1904) 		Eagle hunter with a golden eagle
50 tenge Light brown
Brown 		Portrait of the Khan of the Junior jüz
Abul-Khayr Khan (1693–1748) 		Rock art from Mangystau Region
100 tenge Violet
Pink 		Portrait of the Khan of the Middle jüz
Ablai Khan (1711–1781) 		Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi
Image scale is 1.0 pixel per millimeter.

Banknotes of the 1993-2003 series

NBRK Banknotes (Series II)
Obverse image Reverse image Denomination
(tenge) 		Dimensions
(mm) 		Main
colors 		Description Dates
Obverse Reverse issue printing withdrawal
200 144×69 Light orange Portrait of Al-Farabi Fragment of the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi March 1,
1994 		1993 September 1,
2001
September 1,
2000 		1999 November 15,
2007
November 15,
2002
500 Light violet July 27,
1994 		1994 September 1,
2001
September 1,
2000 		1999 November 15,
2007
November 15,
2002
1,000 Bluish
green 		February 14,
1995 		1994 November 1,
2002
Light blue
Blue 		November 2,
2001 		2000 November 15,
2007
2,000 Green
Black 		November 15,
1996 		1996 November 1,
2002
Green
Light blue 		November 2,
2001 		2000 November 15,
2007
5,000 149×74 Red
Brown 		November 15,
1999 		1998
Brown
Violet 		December 16,
2001 		2001
10,000 Light blue
Blue 		Snow leopard with mountains in the background July 28,
2003 		2003
Image scale is 1.0 pixel per millimeter.

In 2016, the 10,000 tenge banknote was recognized as the most beautiful banknote in the world by The Telegraph newspaper.[22]

2006 series

Some ₸2,000 notes spelled the word банкі (bank) incorrectly as банқі.

The National Bank of Kazakhstan issued a new series of tenge banknotes in 2006. This was not a currency reform as they replaced existing notes at face value.

The 2006 series is far more exotic than its predecessors. The obverse is vertical and the denomination is written in Kazakh. All denominations depict the Bayterek monument, the flag of Kazakhstan, the Coat of arms, the handprint with a signature of president Nursultan Nazarbayev and fragments of the national anthem. The main differences across each denomination are only the colours, denominations and underprint patterns.

On the contrast, the reverse side of the notes are more different. The denomination is written in Russian, and each denomination shows a unique building and geography of Kazakhstan in the outline of its borders.

The first printing of the ₸2,000 and ₸5,000 notes issued in 2006 had misspellings of the word for “bank” (the correct spelling “банкі” bankı was misspelled “*банқі” banqı). The misspelling was a politically sensitive issue due to the cultural and political importance of the Kazakh language.[23]

On 3 October 2016, the ₸2,000, ₸5,000 and ₸10,000 banknotes of the 2006 series lost their legal tender status and are no longer valid. From 4 October 2016 to 3 October 2017, these notes could be exchanged without commission at any second tier bank and branches of the National Bank of Kazakhstan.[24]

2006 Series
Image Value Main Colour Description Date of issue
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse
₸200 orange Astana Bayterek monument, Kazakhstan flag, Kazakhstan coat of arms, handprint with a signature of Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev, fragments of the national anthem, value in numerals and Kazakh words, issuing bank in Kazakh, inscription in Kazakh stating that counterfeiting banknotes is against the law Transport and Communication Ministry and a winged snow leopard on the bridge over River Ishim, outline map of Kazakhstan with Ministry of Defense and the steppes in the background, value in Russian, name of issuing in Kazakh, logo of issuing bank, inscription in Russian stating that counterfeiting banknotes is against the law 2006–2016[24]
₸500 blue Ministry of Finance and Akimat (City Hall) of Astana, outline map of Kazakhstan with gulls over the sea in background, value in Russian, name of issuing in Kazakh, logo of issuing bank, inscription in Russian stating that counterfeiting banknotes is against the law
₸1,000 brown President Culture Center, outline map of Kazakhstan with mountains in background, value in Russian, name of issuing in Kazakh, logo of issuing bank, inscription in Russian stating that counterfeiting banknotes is against the law
₸2,000 green Abai Opera House, outline map of Kazakhstan with mountain lake in background, value in Russian, name of issuing in Kazakh, logo of issuing bank, inscription in Russian stating that counterfeiting banknotes is against the law
₸5,000 red Independence Monument and Hotel Kazakhstan, outline map of Kazakhstan with mountains in background, value in Russian, name of issuing in Kazakh, logo of issuing bank, inscription in Russian stating that counterfeiting banknotes is against the law
₸10,000 purple Residence Akorda (presidential palace), outline map of Kazakhstan with canyons in the background, value in Russian, name of issuing in Kazakh, logo of issuing bank, inscription in Russian stating that counterfeiting banknotes is against the law

2011–2022 series

The National Bank of Kazakhstan issued a new series of tenge banknotes dated 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 in denominations of ₸1,000, ₸2,000, ₸5,000, and ₸10,000.[25][26][27][28] The designs for this series feature the “Kazakh Eli” monument on the front of the notes. On 1 December 2015, a new ₸20,000 banknote was introduced. It contains the issue date of 2013, and is a commemorative note to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the introduction of its national currency, but was not issued until 2015.[29] In 2017, the National Bank of Kazakhstan issued a ₸500 banknote as part of this series, but has caused controversy over an image of a gull on the reverse side of the note and the image of the Moscow business center in Kazakhstan’s capital of Astana.[30]

NBRK Banknotes (Series IV)
Obverse image Reverse image Denomination
(tenge) 		Dimensions
(mm) 		Main
colors 		Description Dates
Obverse Reverse issue printing withdrawal
500 130х67 Blue Kazak Eli monument; flying doves; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan; buildings: Astana Arena, Moscow BC, Independence Palace, Senate of the Parliament of Kazakhstan, Khan Shatyr Outline map of Kazakhstan with gulls against the background of the Caspian Sea November 22,
2017 		2017 December 27, 2027
1,000 134х70 Brown Kazak Eli monument; flying doves; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan Outline map of Kazakhstan with the Ustyurt Plateau December 1,
2014 		2014 In circulation until March 27, 2027
After January 28, 2016
2,000 139х73 Green Kazak Eli monument and Khan Shatyr; flying doves and a saiga antelope; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan, Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, Ak Orda Outline map of Kazakhstan with the Irtysh River March 29,
2013 		2012 In circulation until June 24, 2026
After January 28, 2016
5,000 144×76 Red Kazak Eli monument; flying doves and snow leopards; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan, Independence Palace, Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, Ak Orda Independence Monument and Hotel Kazakhstan in Almaty; outline map of Kazakhstan with the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains December 30,
2011 		2011 September 25, 2025
After January 28, 2016
10,000 149×79 Blue
violet 		Kazak Eli monument; flying doves; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan, Independence Palace, Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, Ak Orda Ak Orda in Astana; outline map of Kazakhstan April 10,
2012 		2012 In circulation until June 27, 2026
After January 28, 2016
20,000 155×79 Grey Kazak Eli monument; flying doves and a triumphal arch Panoramic view of Astana and Ak Orda, stylized soaring golden eagle October 1, 2022 2022 In circulation

2023-2025 series

The National Bank of Kazakhstan announced a new series of banknotes set for issue from 2023 to 2025. Named “Saka”, the series will introduce notes issued in a reduced size, drop the Russian language, and incorporate many new security features for all six denominations. Banknotes of the previous series will cease to be legal tender after the release of each denomination, and will be redeemable at banks and post offices for up to three years. The National Bank of Kazakhstan will redeem all previous issues without limit.[31]

NBRK Banknotes (Series V)
Obverse image Reverse image Denomination
(tenge) 		Dimensions
(mm) 44 		Main colors Description Dates
Obverse Reverse Issue Printing
500 125×70 Blue “Tree of Life” branch with a soaring bird, DNA helix and an infinity symbol stylized as an ornament, ornament in the shape of an argali figure Argali December 25, 2025 2025
1,000 130×70 Brown “Tree of Life” branch with a soaring bird, DNA helix and an infinity symbol stylized as an ornament, ornament in the shape of a dog figure Alabay and Tazy March 28, 2025[32] 2024
2,000 135×70 Green “Tree of Life” branch with a soaring bird, DNA helix and an infinity symbol stylized as an ornament, ornament in the shape of a saiga figure Saiga December 25, 2024 2024
5,000 140×70 Red-orange “Tree of Life” branch with a soaring bird, DNA helix and an infinity symbol stylized as an ornament, ornament in the shape of a golden eagle figure Golden eagle December 25, 2023 2023
10,000 145×70 Violet “Tree of Life” branch with a soaring bird, DNA helix and an infinity symbol stylized as an ornament, ornament in the shape of a snow leopard figure Snow leopard June 28, 2024 2023
20,000 150×70 Blue-yellow “Tree of Life” branch with a soaring bird, DNA helix and an infinity symbol stylized as an ornament, ornament in the shape of a horse figure Horse Planned for 2026 2025

Commemorative banknotes

Since 2008, a number of commemorative designs have been issued, including notes celebrating the 2011 Asian Winter Games hosted in Astana. Commemoratives can typically be found in these denominations: ₸1,000, ₸2,000, ₸5,000, and ₸10,000.

Digital tenge

The National Bank of Kazakhstan publicly released plans to develop a national digital currency.[33]

Commemorative banknotes

Image Denomination
(tenge) 		Dimensions
(mm) 		Main
colors 		Description Dates
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse issue printing withdrawal
1,000 134×70 Turquoise
green 		Coat of arms of Kazakhstan; national ornaments and flying birds; Bayterek monument in Astana Ak Orda, official residence of the President of Kazakhstan in Astana; national ornaments; image of a bird January 5,
2010 		2010 In circulation
Green
blue 		Dome of the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi May 25,
2011 		2011
Yellow
brown 		Kazak Eli monument and fragment of the Kul Tigin sculpture; flying doves; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan Petroglyphs of Turkic warriors; monument of Turkic writing December 12,
2013 		2013
130×70 Brown-beige Memorial of Glory in Almaty; national ornaments and silhouettes of flying cranes; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan Map of Kazakhstan composed of historical archive photos; Order of the Patriotic War; text and logo of the 80th anniversary of Great Victory in the Great Patriotic War May 8, 2025 2025
2,000 139×73 Green Bayterek monument; musical notes of the national anthem, flag and coat of arms of Kazakhstan; open palm; petroglyph Ski jumper against a mountain backdrop and symbols of the 7th Winter Asian Games January 17,
2011 		2011
5,000 149×77 Red Portrait of Al-Farabi; overprint reading “10 Years of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan” Fragment of the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi December 16,
2001 		2001 November 15,
2007
144×76 Brown
red 		Bayterek monument; musical notes of the national anthem, flag and coat of arms of Kazakhstan; open palm; petroglyph Independence Monument and Hotel Kazakhstan in Almaty; outline map of Kazakhstan with mountains July 8, 2008 2008 In circulation
10,000 149×79 Blue
violet 		Kazak Eli monument; flying doves; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan Ak Orda in Astana; outline map of Kazakhstan; text and logo of the 20th anniversary of independence July 4, 2011 2011
Kazak Eli monument; fragment of the headwear of the Issyk Golden Man; Trans-Ili Alatau mountains Portrait of Nursultan Nazarbayev; buildings of Astana; Bayterek monument December 1,
2016 		2016
145×70 Pink, blue Map of Kazakhstan with regions, decorated in traditional style with elements of Kazakh ornament General outline of the map of the Eurasian continent November 15,
2023 		2023
20,000 155×79 Grey
violet 		Kazak Eli monument; flying doves and a triumphal arch; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan Ak Orda in Astana; Parliament and Government buildings; outline map of Kazakhstan; text and logo of the 20th anniversary of the tenge December 1,
2015[34] 		2013
Grey Kazak Eli monument; flying doves and a triumphal arch; national coat of arms and flag of Kazakhstan; “QAZAQSTAN ULTTYQ BANKI” logo Portrait of Nursultan Nazarbayev; Ak Orda and other buildings in Astana; outline map of Kazakhstan; text and logo of the 30th anniversary of independence December 1,
2021 		2021
Image scale is 1.0 pixel per millimeter.

Exchange rates and inflation

On 2 September 2013, the National Bank of Kazakhstan moved the tenge from a managed float and pegged it to the US dollar and the Russian ruble.[35]

On 11 February 2014, the Kazakh National Bank chose to devalue the tenge by 19% against the U.S. dollar in response to a weakening of the Russian ruble.[36]

On 20 August 2015, the Kazakhstan National Bank did away with the currency band with respect to conversion rate of tenge. Now, the tenge is a free-floating currency and its exchange rate against the major currencies are determined by demand and supply in the market. Due to this change, the tenge lost 30% of its value in a single day.[37]

Current KZT exchange rates
From Google Finance: AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB TRY
From Yahoo! Finance: AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB TRY
From XE.com: AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB TRY
From OANDA: AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB TRY
Historical average exchange rates[38]
USD EUR RUB
1999 119.52 130.00 4.82
2000 142.13 134.40 5.05
2001 146.74 132.40 5.04
2002 153.28 144.68 4.89
2003 n/a 168.79 4.87
2004 136.04 169.04 4.72
2005 132.88 165.42 4.70
2006 126.09 158.27 4.64
2007 122.55 167.75 4.79
2008 120.30 177.04 4.86
2009 147.50 205.67 4.66
2010 147.35 195.67 4.85
2011 146.62 204.11 5.00
2012 (Jan) 148.38 191.27 4.73
2014–4–14 182.02 252.72 5.11
2016-9-30 335.64 377.42 5.33
Annual inflation rate,%[39]
1994 1160.262
1995 60.388
1996 28.763
1997 11.321
1998 1.880
1999 18.095
2000 10.001
2001 6.582
2002 6.686
2003 7.001
2004 7.011
2005 7.868
2006 8.400
2007 18.772
2008 9.484
2009 6.377
2010 7.969
2011 7.429
2012 6.0
2013 5.83
2014 6.72
2015 6.65
2016 14.56
2017 7.43
2018 6.03

See also

References

  1. ^ “World Bank Editorial Style Guide 2020” (PDF). World Bank. p. 136. Retrieved 2022-09-03.
  2. ^ a b “ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 72 – 1994-05-17” (PDF).
  3. ^ Bureau of National Statistics. “Inflation in the Republic of Kazakhstan”. stat.gov.kz. Retrieved 2026-05-04.
  4. ^ “tenge in Lexico”. Lexico. Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
  5. ^ “tenge in Collins Dictionary”. Collins Dictionary. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
  6. ^ a b Odling-Smee, J. ao (2001). “The IMF and the ruble area, 1991-93” (PDF). Retrieved 2014-12-16.
  7. ^ a b Dąbrowski, M (1995). “The reasons for the collapse of the Ruble zone” (PDF). Retrieved 2014-12-16.
  8. ^ Назарбаев Н. А. (2023). “Тенге — опора”. Моя жизнь: От зависимости к свободе. Астана: Фолиант. p. 708. ISBN 978-601-271-803-4.
  9. ^ “С казахстанских тенге исчезнут надписи на русском языке”. Interfax.ru (in Russian). 2019-02-22. Retrieved 2019-02-22.
  10. ^ “деньги — Викисловарь”. ru.wiktionary.org. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  11. ^ “World Bank Editorial Style Guide 2020 – page 136” (PDF). openknowledge.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
  12. ^ “Узнавайте тенге в “лицо”! | www.izvestia.kz”. Retrieved 2012-05-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  13. ^ “Unicode 5.2.0 (August 2009)”. FileFormat.info. August 2009. Archived from the original on 2015-09-10. Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  14. ^ Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 7 февраля 2001 года № 549 «О некоторых вопросах функционирования национальной валюты Республики Казахстан».
  15. ^ “Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 9 ноября 2011 года № 170”. base.spinform.ru. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  16. ^ Решения (IR.KZ), Интернет. “Қазақстан Ұлттық Банкі”. www.nationalbank.kz (in Kazakh). Retrieved 2023-05-10.
  17. ^ [1] Archived 2022-08-09 at the Wayback Machine Қазақстан Ұлттық Банкі. Retrieved on 2021-08-28.
  18. ^ Решения (IR.KZ), Интернет. “Национальный Банк Казахстана”. nationalbank.kz (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-05-10.
  19. ^ “On the withdrawal from circulation of the national currency banknotes of the 1993 series – IPS “Adilet”“. adilet.zan.kz (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2022-07-11. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
  20. ^ “NBRK: Circulation coins”. Archived from the original on 2012-09-22. Retrieved 2012-08-09.
  21. ^ “NBRK: Banknotes with denominations of 50 tenge, 20 tenge, 10 tenge, 5 tenge, 3 tenge, 1 tenge”. Archived from the original on 2012-09-22. Retrieved 2012-08-09.
  22. ^ “Tenge again recognized as the most beautiful banknote in the world” (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2021-11-18. Retrieved 2021-11-18.
  23. ^ “Kazakh central bank misspells ‘bank’ on money”. NBC News. 18 October 2006.
  24. ^ a b “Tenge Banknotes Of 2006 Withdrawn In Kazakhstan”. kazworld.info. Archived from the original on October 5, 2016.
  25. ^ Kazakhstan new date (2012) non-commemorative 10,000-tenge note confirmed Archived 2015-02-06 at the Wayback Machine BanknoteNews.com. June 23, 2012. Retrieved on 2015-02-05.
  26. ^ Kazakhstan new 5,000-tenge note confirmed Archived 2015-02-06 at the Wayback Machine BanknoteNews.com. February 12, 2012. Retrieved on 2015-02-05.
  27. ^ Kazakhstan new 2,000-tenge note confirmed Archived 2015-02-06 at the Wayback Machine BanknoteNews.com. April 8, 2013. Retrieved on 2015-02-05.
  28. ^ Kazakhstan new 1,000-tenge note confirmed Archived 2015-02-04 at the Wayback Machine BanknoteNews.com. January 5, 2015. Retrieved on 2015-02-05.
  29. ^ Kazakhstan new 20,000-tenge note (B144) confirmed Archived 2015-12-08 at the Wayback Machine BanknoteNews.com. December 3, 2015. Retrieved on 2015-12-03.
  30. ^ What Future for the ‘Wikipedia Seagull’ on Kazakhstan’s Brand New Banknotes? Archived 2020-01-29 at the Wayback Machine Global Voices (https://globalvoices.org Archived 2017-12-12 at the Wayback Machine) December 8, 2017. Retrieved on 2017-12-12.
  31. ^ Kazakhstan – “Saka”, the new family of banknotes presented yesterday. MRI Bankers’ Guide to Foreign Currency (https://mriguide.com/). 19 November 2023. Retrieved on 2023-11-21.
  32. ^ “New 1,000 tenge banknote to enter circulation on March 28”. Kapital.kz (in Russian). 2025-02-21. Archived from the original on 2025-02-21. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
  33. ^ “Digital tenge: the advantages of launching E-Currency”. unicaselaw.com.
  34. ^ “30.11.2015 г. № 62 “On the issue into circulation of a banknote with a nominal value of 20,000 tenge”“. Archived from the original on 2015-12-06. Retrieved 2015-12-01.
  35. ^ “Kazakhstan to peg tenge to U.S. dollar, euro, rouble Sept. 2”. Reuters. 2013-08-28. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
  36. ^ Kazakhstan devalues tenge by almost 20% Archived 2022-12-27 at the Wayback Machine, The Financial Times, 11 February 2014
  37. ^ “Blog Travel to Central Asia-Kazakhstan and Astana”. astana-almaty.blogspot.com. 2015-08-20. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  38. ^ The National Bank of Kazakhstan. “Official Foreign Exchange Rates on average for the period”. Retrieved 2012-02-20.
  39. ^ The National Bank of Kazakhstan. “Price Indices Data”. Archived from the original on 2012-11-17. Retrieved 2012-02-20.