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WASP-2 is a binary star system located about 496 light-years away in the Delphinus constellation.[12] The primary is a magnitude 12 orange dwarf star, orbited by a red dwarf star on a wide orbit.[8][13] The star system shows an infrared excess noise of unknown origin.[14]

The primary star hosts one known exoplanet, WASP-2b.[15] Since the planet transits the star, the star is classified as a planetary transit variable and has received the variable star designation V357 Delphini.[7]

Binary star

In 2008 a study was undertaken of fourteen stars with exoplanets that were originally discovered using the transit method through relatively small telescopes. These systems were re-examined with the 2.2 m (87 in) reflector telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory in Spain. This star system, along with two others, was determined to be a previously unknown binary star system. The previously unknown secondary star is a dim magnitude 15 M-type star separated by about 111 AU from the primary, appearing offset from the primary by about one arc second in the images. This discovery resulted in a recalculation of parameters for both the planet and the primary star.[2]

A re-examination of the WASP-2 spectrum in 2015 resulted in the measurement of the stellar companion’s temperature as 3513±28 K, and an angular separation of 0.73 arcseconds.[16]

Planetary system

The primary star has one exoplanet, WASP-2b, a hot Jupiter detected by the SuperWASP project in 2006 using the transit method.[15]

The WASP-2 planetary system[11][9]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 0.892±0.027 MJ 0.0308±0.0004 2.15222163(42) <0.013 84.81+0.35
−0.27° 		1.060±0.024 RJ

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The secondary star is identified with a “C” suffix so as to not confuse it with the planetary designation suffix “b”.[2]

References

  1. ^ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). “Identification of a constellation from a position”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP…99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. ^ a b c d e Daemgen; et al. (2009). “Binarity of transit host stars – Implications for planetary parameters” (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 498 (2): 567–574. arXiv:0902.2179. Bibcode:2009A&A…498..567D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200810988. S2CID 9893376.
  3. ^ a b c d e Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). “Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A…674A…1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  4. ^ Street, R. A.; Christian, D. J.; Clarkson, W. I.; Collier Cameron, A.; Enoch, B.; Kane, S. R.; Lister, T. A.; West, R. G.; Wilson, D. M.; Evans, A.; Fitzsimmons, A.; Haswell, C. A.; Hellier, C.; Hodgkin, S. T.; Horne, K.; Irwin, J.; Keenan, F. P.; Norton, A. J.; Osborne, J.; Pollacco, D. L.; Ryans, R.; Skillen, I.; Wheatley, P. J.; Barnes, J. (2007). “SuperWASP-N extrasolar planet candidates between 18 < RA < 21h”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 379 (2): 816. arXiv:0705.2598. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.379..816S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11987.x.
  5. ^ Wöllert, Maria; Brandner, Wolfgang; Bergfors, Carolina; Henning, Thomas (2015). “A Lucky Imaging search for stellar companions to transiting planet host stars”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 575: A23. arXiv:1507.01938. Bibcode:2015A&A…575A..23W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424091. S2CID 119250579.
  6. ^ a b c Cutri, R. M.; Skrutskie, M. F.; Van Dyk, S.; Beichman, C. A.; Carpenter, J. M.; Chester, T.; Cambresy, L.; Evans, T.; Fowler, J.; Gizis, J.; Howard, E.; Huchra, J.; Jarrett, T.; Kopan, E. L.; Kirkpatrick, J. D.; Light, R. M.; Marsh, K. A.; McCallon, H.; Schneider, S.; Stiening, R.; Sykes, M.; Weinberg, M.; Wheaton, W. A.; Wheelock, S.; Zacarias, N. (2003). “VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)”. Vizier Online Data Catalog. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246….0C.
  7. ^ a b “V357 Del”. General Catalog of Variable Stars – VizieR. Retrieved 3 April 2025.
  8. ^ a b Quarles, Billy; Li, Gongjie; Kostov, Veselin; Haghighipour, Nader (2020). “Orbital stability of circumstellar planets in binary systems”. The Astronomical Journal. 159 (3): 80. arXiv:1912.11019. Bibcode:2020AJ….159…80Q. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab64fa. S2CID 209444271.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h Southworth, J.; Bohn, A. J.; Kenworthy, M. A.; Ginski, C.; Mancini, L. (2020). “A multiplicity study of transiting exoplanet host stars. II.Revised properties of transiting planetary systems with companions”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. A74: 635. arXiv:2001.08225. Bibcode:2020A&A…635A..74S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937334. S2CID 210860775.
  10. ^ Addison, Brett; Wright, Duncan J.; et al. (November 2019). “Minerva-Australis. I. Design, Commissioning, and First Photometric Results”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 131 (1005): 115003. arXiv:1901.11231. Bibcode:2019PASP..131k5003A. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ab03aa.
  11. ^ a b c Bonomo, A. S.; Desidera, S.; et al. (June 2017). “The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG. XIV. Investigating giant planet migration history via improved eccentricity and mass determination for 231 transiting planets”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 602: A107. arXiv:1704.00373. Bibcode:2017A&A…602A.107B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629882.
  12. ^ a b “WASP-2”. SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2009-05-04.
  13. ^ Takeda, Yoichi (2005). “Precise Differential Analysis of Stellar Metallicities: Application to Solar Analogs Including 16 Cyg a and B”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 57: 83. Bibcode:2005PASJ…57…83T. doi:10.1093/pasj/57.1.83.
  14. ^ Sada, Pedro V.; Deming, Drake; Jennings, Donald E.; Jackson, Brian k.; Hamilton, Catrina M.; Fraine, Jonathan; Peterson, Steven W.; Haase, Flynn; Bays, Kevin; Lunsford, Allen; o’Gorman, Eamon (2012). “Extrasolar Planet Transits Observed at Kitt Peak National Observatory”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 124 (913): 212–229. arXiv:1202.2799. Bibcode:2012PASP..124..212S. doi:10.1086/665043. S2CID 29665395.
  15. ^ a b Cameron, A. Collier; et al. (2007). “WASP-1b and WASP-2b: two new transiting exoplanets detected with SuperWASP and SOPHIE”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 375 (3): 951–957. arXiv:astro-ph/0609688. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.375..951C. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11350.x. S2CID 735515.
  16. ^ Piskorz, Danielle; Knutson, Heather A.; Ngo, Henry; Muirhead, Philip S.; Batygin, Konstantin; Crepp, Justin R.; Hinkley, Sasha; Morton, Timothy D. (2015). “Friends of Hot Jupiters. III. An Infrared Spectroscopic Search for Low-Mass Stellar Companions”. The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 148. arXiv:1510.08062. Bibcode:2015ApJ…814..148P. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/148. S2CID 11525988.